America’s big banks released quarterly earnings. Net profit at JPMorgan Chase rose by 25%, year on year, to $18.1bn. At Morgan Stanley it surged by 41%, to $3.1bn. Goldman Sachs exceeded expectations (for once), more than doubling its profit to $3bn. Citigroup’s net income was up by 10%, but profit fell at Bank of America and Wells Fargo. Excluding Wells Fargo, fees for the other five big banks from investment banking jumped by a combined 40% amid a resurgence in the industry.