IN FEBRUARY 2022, three days after Vladimir Putin invaded Ukraine, Olaf Scholz, Germany’s chancellor, declared a generational change in foreign and security policy. In his Zeitenwende, or “turning-point”, address to the Bundestag Mr Scholz announced a raft of changes to Germany’s diplomatic, security and energy posture, ranging from a long-term promise to meet the nato defence-spending target of 2% of gdp to bolstering energy resilience. “The world afterwards”, he said, “will no longer be the same as the world before.”